Email this article Overqualification dan Unrealistic Job Requirements: Analisis Lowongan Kerja Online di Kota Medan melalui Teori Manajemen SDM
(1) Universitas Medan Area
(2) Universitas Medan Area
Abstract
Perkembangan digitalisasi rekrutmen telah memudahkan akses pencari kerja, namun sekaligus memunculkan persoalan serius berupa persyaratan kerja yang tidak realistis. Fenomena ini merujuk pada kondisi ketika perusahaan mencantumkan kualifikasi berlebihan atau tidak relevan dengan jabatan, seperti pengalaman kerja untuk posisi entry-level, syarat keterampilan lintas bidang, hingga inflasi kualifikasi akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk unrealistic job requirements dalam iklan lowongan kerja online serta menganalisis implikasinya terhadap teori dan praktik manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM). Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus eksploratif digunakan, dengan menganalisis tiga lowongan dari sektor teknologi, penjualan, dan keuangan. Analisis berfokus pada bagian persyaratan kerja menggunakan kerangka teori job analysis, competency-based recruitment, dan person–job fit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lowongan kerja sering memuat beban lintas fungsi, daftar keterampilan yang terlalu luas, kontradiksi antara target kandidat dan tuntutan kerja, hingga diskriminasi berbasis gender dan usia. Kondisi ini menimbulkan role conflict, role overload, serta risiko mismatch yang berujung pada rendahnya kepuasan kerja, tingginya turnover, dan menurunnya efektivitas rekrutmen. Simpulan penelitian menegaskan urgensi penerapan analisis jabatan yang obyektif, perekrutan berbasis kompetensi, serta prinsip keadilan prosedural agar rekrutmen digital kembali berfungsi sebagai mekanisme seleksi yang adil, efektif, dan berkelanjutan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v8i2.2885
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License